Octavian's predecessor Julius Caesar was widely thought to have “abused his power” and accepted “excessive honours”, many of which were “too great for mortal man”, and so was “justly slain” (Suet. He became Augustus, Rome’s first and arguably greatest emperor, in 27 BC. Making a string of controversial moves in order to elevate himself to sole imperator, Octavian finally wrested control of the Roman Empire from Antony in this decisive battle, after which both Antony and Cleopatra committed suicide (Suet. Tensions were running high toward the outbreak of Octavian's fifth civil war: The Battle of Actium in 31 BC.
Res Gestae 1-3). Octavian’s quest to cleanse Rome of Caesar’s enemies and honour him was a success Julius Caesar was deified by the Senate in 42 BC.Īs they gradually restored order to the Roman world, joint rulers Antony and Octavian competed for the popularity of the Roman people in the provinces they administered eventually Octavian ceased his uneasy alliance with Antony, branding him a public enemy (Suet. With this triumvirate, Octavian declared war against Rome’s self-styled ‘liberators’ who had conspired against and killed his predecessor, and through these acts of vengeance he proved himself to be a worthy successor, a true saviour of Rome, and a skilled military leader (Suet. At twenty years of age Octavian was already a skilled politician and, in 43 BC, Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus (Octavian) formed the Second Triumvirate (three-man government) with Marcus Antonius (Marc Antony) and Marcus Aemilius Lepidus, the latter of whom proved troublesome and was gradually ousted and banished for life (Suet. After the infamous assassination of the Roman dictator Julius Caesar on the Ides of March in 44 BC, Octavian, his heir, resolved to avenge him (Suet.
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